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COLLEGE LAW ENFORCEMENT PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION

IN THIS COUNTRY

We are living in the epoch of scientific and technological progress in all spheres of life that requires (��) an ever increasing number of specialists of higher education.

Millions of young people are studying at the institutes, universities and special higher schools. They are going to be, highly qualified specialists -teachers, doctors, engineers, agronomists, lawyers, etc. They will be working in different fields of economy, science and culture for many years to come.

To meet the requirements of this new age of scientific and technological progress and to cope with ever increasing educational and cultural level of our society the Ministry of Internal Affairs is planning to improve the overall quality of the Militia personnel and effectiveness of command service through its system of college law enforcement professional education. It is clear that high standards in legal and general education are quite necessary for a modern professional officer of our Militia. A number of higher schools or colleges in the system of the Interior are functioning now, training lawyers of higher education for the agencies of the Militia. They are fulfilling the task - to train highly qualified law enforcement professionals. They are preparing future militia officers to experience and solve the major social problems of our time - crime prevention and crime decrease in our country.

As quick and accurate solution of crime, immediate arrest and conviction of the criminal are part of the problem of crime prevention, it's quite necessary for the militia officers to perform perfectly well: e.g. to conduct crime scene investigation, to handle evidence - search for, find and collect it being careful not to destroy it, to identify, locate and apprehend a suspect or a criminal. It's also necessary to learn how to deal with militia 'documentation - criminal records, reports, etc. Crime prevention work having a moral aspect as the main one, an officer of militia is to be competent not only in his special field but also in such fields as human psychology, human behavior and human under�standing. In some cases it is impossible to prevent or to solve crimes without all that. That's why an essential part of the curriculum of militia colleges are the subjects which will offer guidelines for militia operations in a public-relations job: Crime Psychology, Criminology, Ethics, etc.

The Academy of the Interior in Moscow is "alma mater" for all other law enforcement colleges in different cities of this country. Several faculties of the Academy are training the leading staff that is to hold senior positions of responsibility in the law enforcement agencies of the country. A great deal of the trainees of these faculties are combining practical and life experience with academic achievements.

The graduates of other colleges of the Interior are going to work as operatives of the C.I.D., operatives of the E.C.I.D., inspectors of corrections (penitentiaries), criminalists, investigators, inspectors of administrative service, inspectors of fire engineering. Some of them are about to work as instructors of education work in the apparatus of militia and penitentiary institutions.

Without question the problem of militia training is of great importance now, the personnel selection process for instruction and training being the foundation on which a college law enforcement professional education programme is standing. This is quite short and only some general tasks our own future Sherlock Holmeses are to perform for the benefit of our people and our land.

Some new words for the text:

requirement	[ri'kwaiqmqnt ]	��
to meet the requirements		��
cope (with)	[koup]	��
increase	[in'kri:s]	��
field	[fi:ld]	��, ��
for years to come		��
level	[levl]	��
clear	[kliq]	��
fulfil	[ful'fil]	��
experience v, n	[iks'piqriqns]	��, ��
decrease n	[di:kri:s ]	��
conviction	[kqn'vikSqn]	��, ��
perfectly	['pq:fiktli]	��, ��
carerul	['kFqful]	��, ��
destroy	[dis'trOi]	��
militia documentation	["dokjumen'teiSqn]	��
behaviour	[bi'heivjq]	��
understanding	["Andq'stxndiN]	��
offer	['Ofq]	��
guidance	['gaidqns]	��
relations	[ri'leiSanz ]	��
alma mater	['xlmq'meitq]	�� - ��. (��, �� ) - �� , �� , ��. ��
leading staff	[sta:f]	�� (��)
hold	[hould]	��, ��
achievement	[q'Ci:vmqnt]	��
fire-engineering	['faiqr"enG3 i'niqriN]	��
penitentiary a n	["peni'tenSqri]	��, ��; ��
benefit	['benifit]	��, ��

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COLLEGE AND UNIVERSITY LAW ENFORCEMENT PROFESSlONAL

EDUCATION IN THE U.S.A.

We are going to give you some details of college and university law enforcement professional education in the United States of America. Ninety-five institutions of this type are about to solve the problem of police training in America. Each of these ninety-five institutions is a collection of scholars and experts who are organizing instruction of the police workers.

Without question, the F.B.I. National Academy in Washington is "alma mater" for all law enforcement colleges in different states of America.

The following data are to shed light on the system of police training at the Sacramento State College. The number of its students is about 210. At first almost all of the students were from local law enforcement agencies. At present 60 per cent of the students are pre-service, and 40 per cent are working in a law enforcement agency.

The Sacramento State College is proud of great practical law enforcement experience [iks'piqriqns] (��, ��) per each instructor. The instructor is professing knowledge in a special field. Each is making available [q'veilqbl] (��) to the students his own training and experience. His attitudes ['xtitju:d] (��), methods and techniques are in fact very important for students' education, because the students are carrying the philosophies of their former ['fO:mq] (��, ��) teachers for many years in their future work.

Since law enforcement is by nature a human-relations (�� ) job, college life is offering ['Ofq] (��) very good laboratories wherein a student is able to work with, learn from and learn about people. Laboratory work is requiring cooperative effort ['efqt] (��) of several students, developing leadership, making contacts with others who are working in the field. Participation [pa:"tisi'peiSqn] (��) in student government is to develop the ability to work with and for fellow-students. Debating, drama and music are valuable as recreation ["rekri'eiSqn] (��) during college days and later in professional life. Participation in athletics is to develop physical strength, skill, stamina ['staeminq] (��), and teamwork ['ti:mwq:k] (��) is to help to develop two charac�teristic qualities ['kwOliti] (��) that are of great interest to progressive police administrations - the ability to work with others and the ability to solve different problems by themselves.

College training for a student is the first time he is making his own decisions.

The great benefit ['benifit] (��) from a college education of police officers is training future police workers to think. College study is presenting a storehouse ['stO:haus] (��) of ideas, principles and facts; and it is helping to develop the ability to put them together (��) to meet new situations. Upon completion [kqm'pli:Sqn] (��) of the four-year programme, the student is going to receive the Bachelor of Arts ['bxtSqlqrqv'a:ts] (�� ) degree in Public Administration with specialization in Police Science and Administration. The special subjects within the Police Science and Administration programme are: General Police Administration, Scientific Crime Detection, Traffic Law Enforcement, Police Training and Police Records Administration. The college is offering a certificate [sq'tifikit] (��) programme in basic law enforcement for part-time students who are not candidates for an academic degree. The college is also offering a graduate programme for those who are about to take the Master ['ma:stq] (��) of Science Degree in Public Administration with specialization in Law Enforcement.

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DELINQUENCY CONTROL INSTITUTE

Prevention of juvenile delinquency is a very important task of the American Police. Law enforcement agencies of the U.S.A. were not solving this great problem in pre-war time. In 1946 a special Delin�quency Control Institute of the University of Southern California was opened in Los Angeles.

This Institute is paying great attention to the problem of crime prevention. It is dealing with different aspects of crime prevention which are the main present-day social questions in the world. It is the leading programme which is training in-service police personnel to work effectively with juveniles.

A large teaching staff of instructors is to work out the program�me for a twelve-week period, one in the autumn (September � No�vember) and the other in the spring (March �May).

Twenty students are attending a twelve-week term. A special com�mittee of law enforcement officers and members of the Institute staff are to select sixteen of these students among officers in police of sheriff's departments and four students � probation [prq'beiSan] (�� ) departments, district attorney's (��. ��) [q'tq:ni] staffs or from the ranks of social workers. All of them are to receive the approval [q'pru:vql] (��) of their chief administrator. The students are paying living expenses [iks'pensiz] (��). Each person at the same time is getting a scholarship. Students are to follow a rigid schedule (�� ) ['riGid 'skedjJul] attending nine separate (��) ['seprit] courses daily, from Monday to Thursday.

They are also patrolling streets at nights combatting petty offen�ces once a week. They are performing patrol service with the In�spection Division. Then they are discussing the patrol problems. It is bringing good results. Being on practice the students are doing their best to reform (��) [rI'fO:m] the offenders helping them to return to an honest life of labour. The students are learning to establish contacts with the public to obtain information. They are supervising difficult juveniles. On Fridays the students are to go to Held trips (�� ) to important agencies and institutions in the Southern California area (��) where they are to observe how agencies are operating in the control of delinquency.

Every student is to attend all sessions of the basic Course. Upon successful (��) completion of the course the director is to give a certificate (��, ��) to each person.

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MY HIGHER (MILITIA) SCHOOL

The purpose of this article is to detail some factors about militia officers� training at one of the colleges of law enforcement professional education in our country - my Higher (Militia) School. Like in all other colleges of the Interior there are two kinds of training militia personnel there: in-service and preservice training. There are two departments at school: day department and correspondence department. There are also refresher courses for veterans of militia service; mostly men in command who are going to move up the promotion ladder.

Now we are going to give you some details of pre-service training at my Higher School. There are many young men in our country who are willing to take up law enforcement to devote themselves to the solution of such-big questions of life as crime prevention and crime decrease and who are choosing crime detection as their profession. This problem being very complex,- there are some requirements for the applicant to the *Higher School. To ensure the proper standards of future militia cadets and later on militia officers there is a thorough selection system. In order to enter the... *Higher (Militia) School an applicant is to deal with entrance examinations. If there is a passing score, proper moral and physical standards, he is a freshman of the... Higher School.

There are routine regulations at the... *Higher School which all the students are to keep up with: while on duty they are to wear a militia uniform, - a dark grey coat and trousers, a white holiday or a grey every day shirt and, a tie, an overcoat and a cap. Black shoes are a must, and gaudy socks are taboo. The student is to wear his hair cut in a (military) short fashion.

To achieve the objectives of modern detective training the trainee is to have actual knowledge of the following:

1. The prevention of crime.

2. The detection of crime.

3. Investigational techniques.

4. Sources of evidence.

5. The administration of justice.

6. The criminal law.

Professional competence in a specialized course of militia science and in militia/public relations problems will equip the militia cadets for duty as detectives and help them to perform satisfactorily under operational conditions.

There are some important factors which are absolutely necessary to pro�vide favourable working conditions for proper instruction and such facilities as good >

Is there anything of that kind at the... *Higher (Militia) School?

First. Law enforcement experts of great practical experience, Master of Law, assistant-professors are giving lectures and providing instruction and practice. They are doing their best to give the militia cadets professional specialization and general and cultural education, introduction of realism and visual aids into the course of studies raising effectiveness of the instruction.

Second. There are many specially equipped >

The duration of pre-service training is four years, the student gradually going through freshman, sophomore, junior and senior years of intensive law enforcement professional training and getting a diploma of a lawyer with specialization in crime detection and criminal investigation.

Of course there is always an opportunity for further development at post�graduate courses for a Master�s or Doctor�s degree in Militia Science at the Academy or some other college.

So there is every opportunity for the trainee of the...* Higher (Militia) School to improve himself and be a law enforcement expert of high professional stand�ards.

2. Some new words for the text.

purpose	['pq:pqs]	��
article	['a:tikl]	��
detail n, v	['di:teil]	��, ��; �� , ��
like adv		��, ��
kind n		��, ��, ��
in-service training		�� (�� )
pre-service training		�� (� �� )
correspondence	["kOris'pOndqns ]	��, �� . ��
refresher	[ri'freSq]	��-�� ; �� , ��. ��
promotion	[prO'mouSqn]	��, �� , ��
ladder	['lxdq]	��
will v, n		��, ��; ��, ��
take up		�� -��
devote	[di'vout]	��
choose	[Cu:z ]	��
applicant	['xplikqnt]	��
passing score	[skO:]	��
mental	['mentl ]	��
ensure	[in'Suq]	��
thorough	['TArq]	��
routine	[ru:'ti:n]	��, ��, ��
to keep up (with)		�� -��, ��
coat	[kout]	��
trousers	['trauzqz]	��
shirt	[Sq:t]	��
tie	[tai]	��
overcoat	['ouvqkout]	��
gaudy	['gO:di]	��, ��
sock	[sOk]	��
hair	[hFq]	��
fashion	['fxSqn]	��, ��, ��, ��
achieve	[q'Ci:v]	��
objective	[Ob'Gektiv]	��
source	[sO:s]	��, ��
justice	['GAstis ]	��
equip	[i'kwip]	��, ��
satisfactorily	["sxtis'fxktqrili]	��
camp	[kxmp]	��
visual	['vizjuql]	��, ��
aids	[eidz ]	��
raise	[reiz ]	��, ��
conducive	[kqn'dju:siv ]	��, ��, �� -��
include	[in'klu:d]	��
trip	[trip]	��, ��
gradually	['grxdjuqli]	��
junior	['Gu:njq]	��; ��. ��
senior	['si:njq]	��; ��. ��, �� (� ��, ��)
further	['fq:Dq]	��
development	[di'velqpmqnt]	��
post-graduate courses		��, ��
improve	[im'pru:v]	��(��), ��(��)

Text for Reading

THE VOLGOGRAD INVESTIGATOR'S TRAINING COLLEGE

The professional standards of our Militia are high but the task for the next' few years is to ensure for every militiaman a complete [kqm'pli:t] (��) 10 year secondary education and all of the leading staff - a higher education.

There are some higher schools in the system of law enforcement professional education in our country now. Here we are going to give you some details of one of them - the Volgograd Investigator's Training College. This college was opened in 1967. The school is growing from year to year and now there is over a thousand students here. There are two departments at school: the day department and the correspondence department with in-service and pre-service training. There are also refresher courses for veterans of militia service, mostly men in command, who are improving [im'pru:v] (��, ��) their qualification for promotion.

There are two terms [tq:m] (��) in a year. At the end of each term there are exams and credit tests ['kredit] (�� - ��.). In the course of studies there are also many short exams - tests and quizzes. The students are studying many special and general education subjects, such as Social Sciences, Criminalistics, Civil and Criminal Law, Criminal Procedure, a foreign language, etc.

The cadets are learning the ways of crime investigation, how to inspect a crime scene, search for and find evidence. They are also to take pictures of things, places and people.

There is a students� scientific society in which many students are taking an active part now. Some of them are going to take post-graduate courses and defend a thesis ['Ti:sis] (��) in some field of Law. Now they are working out different problems of law enforcement including [in'klurd] (��) prevention of crime, detection of crime, investigational techniques, sources of evidence, administration of justice, criminal law. Everything is to serve the task - to prepare a trainee to perform satisfactorily under operational conditions and to develop the ability for independent research work.

Masters and Doctors of Law, assistant-professors, professors, senior teachers and sometimes assistants are leading this work.

In the foreign language laboratory the students are taking lessons and con�sultations, listening to the tape-recorders and looking through foreign newspapers and magazines. On the ground floor there are some chairs such as the chair of Criminal Law, Administrative Law and Foreign Languages. Here there is also a canteen, a refreshment-room and a gymnasium. On the first and second floors there are some other chairs, many >

Hopefuls (��.- ��) who are going to enter the Volgograd Investigator's Training College are to deal with a thorough selection system through a medical commission and entrance examinations. If everything is all right with it you are a freshman of the college and a future lawyer of high professional standards. There is no doubt [daut] (��) that to study at the Volgograd Investigator's Training College is difficult but very interesting, and the students are to do their best to be ready to protect law and order.

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POLICE ACADEMY IN NEW YORK

The principal agency for carrying out the education and training function within New York City Police Department (an organization of almost 35.000 police and civilian personnel) is Academy.

Five sections organize the work of the Academy: Recruit training section; Advanced and specialized training section; firearms section; training services section; and administrative section. The key units are the first three.

The Academy works at the Police Academy building 235 East 20th Street, New York City, which was built in 1964. The police laboratory is on the eighth floor. The library, administrative offices, a conference room are on the sixth floor. The Fifth floor is principally devoted to >

The usual routine consists of 3 hours per day of physical training for the recruit and 4 hours per day of academic training. (They have a 50-minute>

The recruit makes acquaintance of the development of legal process in society (e.g. cooperation with governmental agencies, the courts, criminal law and modus operandi, etc.). Police recruit training includes subject matter which will provide a better understanding of human behavior and which will develop proper attitudes on the part of police (psychology and the police, human relations, crime and delin�quency causation, police ethics, etc.).

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OXFORD UNIVERSITY

Oxford is a beautiful town on the River Thames about fifty miles from London. Some people say it is more beautiful than any other city in England.

Oxford University was founded in the 12th century as an aris�tocratic university and has remained so to the present day. The Uni�versity consists of 32 colleges � 27 colleges for men and 5 colleges for women. There are 16 faculties there. Each college is a completely autonomous body, governed by its own laws. A large college has about 500 students, a small one � about a hundred. Several colleges say they are the oldest, but no other college is as old as Merton, which began in 1264.

The term of studies lasts for 10 weeks. There are 3 terms in the Oxford academic year.

Within the first week the freshman meets his tutor who tells the student about his plans, the lectures which he must take, about the re�quirements for the examination which he will take, about the course of reading for him. Attendance at lectures is not compulsory. Once every week each undergraduate goes to his tutor's room to read out an essay which he has written and discuss this essay with the tutor.

At the beginning or end of each term the progress of the students is tested by the college examinations.

They pay great attention to athletics at the University. The students are engaged in different kinds of sports, take part in competitions be�tween Oxford and Cambridge Universities.

This is how a student spends his day. His working hours are from 9 to 1. At 9 o'clock he sees his tutor or goes to the library, or attends lectures. From 2 to 5 he is engaged in sports and all kinds of exercise. From 5 to 7 he works in the library or laboratory. At 7 o'clock they have dinner-time. After dinner the students have club activities, debating so�cieties, etc.

By 10 o'clock the students must be in the college, as most of stu�dents live in the colleges, only some of them live in lodgings in the town.

The doors of Oxford University are not open to all. The majority of the students are graduates of private schools, so Oxford University remains an aristocratic university to the present day.

Notes:

1.�Freshman��

undergraduate � ��, ��-�� (�� . ��),

2.�college � �� , � �� 3 �� . �� (��, ��, �� .). �� , � �� , university � �� , ��. �� (�� 3 ��). �� (e.g. the Degree of Bachelor of Arts, Science, Medicine, Engineering, etc.) Institute � ��, �� , ��-�� .

3. tutor � � �� , �� ; �� .

4. within the first week � � �� (�� ) ��

5.�attendance at lectures is not compulsory � �� (��) ��

6. to live in lodgings � ��

7.�the progress of the students is tested by the college exami�nations � ��

8. a debating society � ��

to take club activities � ��

VOCABULARY

abuse, v � ��, n � ��,

drug abuse � ��

accept, v � ��, ��

accuse, v (of) � �� (� �.-�.)

accusation, n � ��

accused, pp � ��

adjust, v � ��

admissibility, n � ��

administer, v � ��, ��

administration, n � ��, �� (��)

adopt, v � �� (��, ��)

ahead, ad. � �� aid, n � ��,

first aid � ��

along, prep � ��, ��

alter, v � �� (��)

alteration, n � ��

amendment, n � ��

appeal, v � ��, n ��, ��

application, n � 1) ��; 2) ��

appoint, v � ��

appointment, n � ��

apprehend, v � ��, ��

apprehension, n � ��, ��

approve, v � ��, ��

approval, n � ��

architecture, n � ��

area, n � ��, ��

arraign, v � ��

arraignment, n � ��

arrest, n � ��

to make an arrest � ��

�� article, n � �� (syn. item)

as far as � ��...

associate, v � ��, ��

association, n � ��, ��

to be associated with � �� ; �� ....

assume, v � ��, ��

attract, v � ��

attractive, a � ��

attract attention � ��

authority, n � 1) ��, ��

2) ��

3) ��

available, a � ��, ��

�

back, ad. � ��

bail, n� ��

place on bail � ��

be devoted (to) � ��

be named (after) � ��

be rich (in)� ��

be situated � ��

be washed (by) � ��

become (became, become), v � ��

behavior, n � ��

behind, ad � ��

belong, v � ��

blood, n � ��

bloodstains � ��

body, n � ��

book, v � ��

booking card � ��

both... and... � ��..., ��

bribe, n � ��

bribery, n � ��

bring (brought, brought), v � ��, ��, ��

burglary, n � ��

�

cast, v � �� , n � ��

casting equipment � ��

cause, v � ��, ��, n � ��

causal factors � ��

probable and reasonable cause � ��

chain, n � ��

chain of evidence � ��

chamber, n � ��

change, n � ��

change, v � (for) �� (��)

change from... to... � �� ... ��

make a change � ��

charge, v (with) � �� (� ��-��)

charge, n � ��

on a charge � ��

citizen, n � �� circumstance, n � ��

circumstantial, a � �� claim, v � ��, ��

clear, v � ��

coast, n � �� , ��

codify, v � ��

collect, v � �� (syn. gather)

collection, n� ��; ��

comfortable, a � ��

commission, n � ��

commit, v � ��

compare, v � ��

complain, v � ��

complaint, n � ��, ��

complete, a � ��, ��

complicated, a � ��

compose, v � ��, ��

composition, n � ��, ��, ��

be composed of � ��

concern, v � ��, ��

confess, v � ��

confession, n � ��

connection, n � ��

consist, v (of) � �� (��)

constitute, v � ��

contain, v � ��

contaminate, v � ��

contamination, n � ��

correct, v � ��

corrections, n � ��

corroborative, a � ��

convenient, a � ��

convenience, n � ��

convict, v (of) � ��, n � ��

conviction, n � �� , ��

corpus delicti � �� court, n � ��

credible, a � ��

crime, n � ��

cross, v � ��, ��

crossing, n � ��

crossroads, n � ��

custody, n � ��, ��

custom, n � ��

dactyloscopy, n � ��

danger, n � ��

dangerous, a � ��

data, n � ��, ��

dead, a � ��

deal (dealt, dealt), v � (with) �� ; ��

decide, v � ��

decision, n � ��

defend, v � ��

defence, n � ��

defendant, n � ��, ��

define, v � ��

definition, n � ��

delinquency, n � �� (��)

delivery, n � ��

depend, v � ��

dependence, n � ��

dependent, a � ��

design, n � ��

destroy, v � ��

destruction, n � ��

detect, v � ��, �� (��)

detection, n � ��

detective, n � ��

determine, v � ��

develop, v � ��, �� (��)

development, n � ��

devote, v � ��

differ, v � ��

difference, n � ��

discover, v � ��

discovery, n ��

direct, v � ��

direction, n � ��

dismiss a charge � ��

file a charge � ��

disposition, n � ��

distinction, n � ��, ��, ��

distinctive, a � ��

divergent, a � ��

be divergent � ��-(�� )

divide, v � ��

division, n � ��, ��

draft, v � �� , n � ��

drive (drove, driven), v � �� (��)

driver's licence � ��

drug, n � ��

drug traffic � ��

dust, v � ��

either... or � ��... ��

elect, v � ��

election, n � ��

elector, n � ��

electoral, a � ��

embezzlement, n � ��, ��

employ, v � ��

employment, n � 1) ��, 2) ��

empower, v � ��

enact, v � �� , ��

enactment, n � ��, ��; ��

enemy, n � ��

enjoy, v � �� (��)

enlargement, n � ��

ensure, v � ��

enter, v � ��, ��, �� (� ��)

equal, a � ��

equality, n � ��, ��

escape, v � ��, ��

essential, a � ��

essentially, ad � no-��, ��

establish, v � ��, ��

establishment, n � ��

evidence, n � ��, ��

material evidence � ��

physical evidence � ��

exact, a � ��

examine, v � ��, ��

examination, n � ��, ��

executive, a � ��

exercise, v � ��, n � ��

exhibit, n � ��

exhibition, n � ��

export, n � ��, ��

ex'port, v � ��, ��

express, v � ��

expression, n � ��

extortion, n � ��

extraneous, a � ��, ��

eyewitness, n � ��

fugitive, n � 1) ��

2) ��

face, v (a crime) � ��, �� (� ��)

facilities, n � 1) ��, ��, ��

2) �� (��. ��. �� )

famous, a � ��

be famous for � �� -��

fare, n � �� feature, n � ��

felony, n � ��

fight, v � ��, n � ��

file, v� �� , n � ��, ��

files, n � ��, ��, ��

find, v � �� fine, v � ��

pay a fine � ��

fingerprint, n � ��

fit, v � ��

flexible, a � ��

follow me! � �� !

forgery, n � ��

forge, v � ��

form, v � ��

form, n � ��

found, v � ��

founder, n � ��

foundation, n � ��, ��

fraud, n � ��

free, a � ��

freedom, n � ��

frequently, ad � ��

full, a � ��

be full (of) � ��

fundamental, a � ��

gains, n � ��

gambing, n � ��

gather, v � ��

get (got, got), v � (to) ��

get on � �� (� ��)

get off � �� (�� )

go the wrong way � ��

go the right way � ��

go on foot (went, gone) � ��

go (to do) sightseeing � ��

govern, v � ��

government, n � ��

governor, n � ��, ��

grant parole � ��

guilt, n ��

guilty, a � ��

handle, v � ��, ��

handling, n � ��

hand-lens, n � ��

headquarters, n � ��, ��

hereditary, a � ��

hide (hid, hidden), v � ��(��)

identify, v � ��, ��

identification, n � ��, ��

identity, n � ��

in front of � ��

implement, v � ��, ��

import, n � ��, ��

im'port, v � ��, ��

impossible, a � ��

imprint, n � �� (syn. impression)

include, v � �� (� ��)

independent, a � ��

inherit, v � ��

injured, p.p. � ��

innocence, n � ��

innocent, a � ��

inquiry, n � �� , ��

instrumentation, n � �� ,

�� interrogate, v � ��

interrogation, n � ��

interview, v � ��, ��

intimidation, n � ��

intolerable, a � ��

introduce, v � ��

invisible, a � ��

involve, v � ��, ��

island, n � ��

jail, n (prison) � ��

judicial, a � ��

judiciary, n � ��

justice, n � ��, ��, ��, ��

juvenile, n � ��, ��

�

keep, v � ��, ��

kidnapper, n � �� (��)

latent, a � ��

law, n � ��, ��

lawful, a � ��

lawyer, n � ��, ��

law enforcement � ��

law enforcement agencies � ��

layout, n � ��, ��

lead, n � ��

lead, v � ��

leave (left, left), v � ��, ��

legislative, a � ��

legislature, n � ��

legislation, n � ��

link, v � ��,

n � �� locate, v � ��

location, n � ��

�

main, a � ��, ��

maintain, v � ��, ��, ��

maintenance, n � ��, ��

mark, v � ��

measure, n � ��

take measures � ��

implement measures � ��

measurement, n � ��

minor, a � ��

misappropriate, v � ��

misdemeanor, n � ��

misleading, a � ��

missing, ��

modus operandi (lat) � �� , �� (��)

money-grabber, n � ��

move, v � ��, ��

movable, a � ��

murder, v � ��

murder, n � ��

necessary, a � ��

neither... nor � ��... ��

number, n � ��

a number of � ��

�

object, n � ��, ��

objective, n � ��, ��, ��

observe, v � 1) ��, 2) ��

observation, n � ��

observance, n � ��

obtain, v � ��

occur, v � ��

offense, n � ��

offender, n � ��

opposite, a � ��

opposite to � ��

order, n � ��

public order (social order) � ��

overlook, v � ��, ��

own, a � ��

owner, n � ��

ownership, n � ��

paint, v � ��, ��, n � ��

painter, n ��

painting, n � ��

palm, n� ��

palmer, a � ��

particular, a � ��, ��, ��

penalty, n � ��, ��

impose a penalty � ��

perpetrator, n � ��

pertinent, a � ��, �� -��

petty, a � ��

physical, a � ��

physical evidence � ��

plead (not) guilty � �� (��) ��

popular, a � ��

be popular (with) � �� ...

population, n � ��

possible, a � ��

it is possible �.��...

if possible � ��

as soon as possible � ��

possess, v � ��, ��

power, n � ��

be in power � ��

come to power � ��

powerful, a � ��

precaution, n � ��

preliminary, a � ��

preliminary survey � ��

present, v � �� (��-��, ��-��)

presentation, n � ��

preserve, v � ��

preservation, n � ��, ��

print, n � ��

prior, prep � ��, ��

prison, n � ��

imprison, v � ��

prisoner, n � ��, ��

probation, n � ��

place on probation � ��

proclaim, v � ��

produce, v � ��

production, n � ��, ��

productivity, n � ��

prohibit, v � ��,

it's prohibited � ��

promise, v � ��

make a promise � ��

keep a promise � ��

promising, a � ��

proper, a � ��

property, n � ��, ��

propose, v � ��

prosecute, v � �� (� �� ), �� , ��

prosecution, n � ��, ��

prosecutive, a � ��

protect, v� ��

protection, n � ��

prove, v � ��

prove a case � ��

proof, n � ��

provide, v � ��

provide for, v � ��

publication, n � ��

publish, v � ��, ��

publishing house � ��

punish, v � ��

punishment, n � ��

ransom, n � ��

reasonable, a � ��, ��

recognizable, a � ��

record, v � ��, ��, ��

record, n� ��, ��, ��

criminal record ��

records, n � ��

regard, v � ��, ��

rehabilitate, v � ��

rehabilitation, n � ��

release, v � ��

relevant, a � ��

rely (upon), v �� (��)

remarkable, a � ��

remove, v � ��

removal, n � ��

report, v � ��

represent, v � ��

representative, a � ��, n � ��

representation, n � ��

require, v � ��

research, n � ��

residence, n � ��

resident, n � �� , ��

responsibility, n � ��, ��

responsible, a � ��

be responsible (for), (to) � �� (��) (��)

reveal, v � ��

rich, a � ��

to be rich in � ��

ridge, n � �� (��)

right, n � ��

robbery, n � ��, ��

sample, n � ��

science and technology � ��

scientific, a � ��

search, v � ��, n � ��

search, v � (for) �� ( syn. look for)

security, n � ��

seize, v � ��, ��

seizure, n � ��, ��, ��

sentence, v � �� , n � ��

separate, v � ��

shout, v � ��

show, v (showed, shown) � ��

side, n � ��

sight, n � ��

go sightseeing (to do sightseeing) � ��

situation, n � ��, ��

be situated � ��

skills, n � ��

skin, n � ��

sole, ��

solve, v (a crime) � �� (��)

solution, n � ��

someone (somebody), pron � ��-��

something, pron. � ��-��

somewhere, pron � ��-��, ��-��

sport facilities � ��

squad, n � ��, ��, ��

staff, n � �� , ��

stay, v � ��, ��, ��

straight, ad � ��

substance, n � ��

suffer, v � ��

sufficient, a � ��, ��

suggest, v � ��

summary trial � ��

summarily, ad � ��

surface, n � ��

suspect, v (of) � �� (� �.-�.)

n � ��

swimming-pool, n � ��

�

take, v (took, taken) � �� (��...), ��, ��

it will take you... � �� ...

take place��

take part (in) � ��

take pictures � ��

technique, n � ��, ��

test, n � ��, ��

testimony, n � ��, ��

theft, n � ��

thorough, a � ��

threat, n � ��

through, prep. � ��, ��

tolerate, v � ��, ��

tool, n � ��

total, a � ��, ��, ��

n � ��, ��

v � �� , ��

touch, v � ��, ��

trace, v � ��, n � ��

traffic, n � �) �� (��)

�) �� (��)

train, v � ��, ��

transfer, n � ��

travel, v � ��, ��

trial, n � �� , ��

turn, v � ��, ��

turn to the left � ��

turn to the right � ��

unemployment, n � ��

underground, n��

underpass, n � ��

unfortunately, ad � � ��

unlikely, a � �� urban, a � ��

valuable, a � ��

victim; n � ��, ��

violate public order � ��

violation, n � ��

visible, a � ��

vital, a � ��

wait, v � (for) �� (��-��)

walk, v � �� (��), ��

wanted, a � ��

warrant, n � ��, ��

way, n � 1) ��, ��

2) ��

a long way from � ��

could you tell me the way to... �� ...

weapon, n � ��

witness, n � ��, v � ��

zebra, n � ��

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