РАЗГОВОРНЫЙ АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК
М. А. БОРОВИК, Е. Н. ПЕТРОВА
ЖИЗНЬ И ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ
ВЫСШИХ УЧЕБНЫХ
ЗАВЕДЕНИЙ АНГЛИИ
Пособие для педагогических институтов
ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ УЧЕБНО-ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКОЕ ИЗДАТВЛЬСТВО
МИНИСТЕРСТВА ПРОСВЕЩЕНИЯ РСФСР
ЛЕНИНГРАДСКОЕ ОТДЕЛЕНИЕ
Ленинград • 1959
ОТ ИЗДАТЕЛЬСТВА
Настоящий выпуск является первым в серии тематических пособий по разговорному английскому языку для педагогических институтов и университетов, намеченной к изданию Ленинградским отделением Учебно-педагогического издательства.
Отзывы и пожелания просим направлять по адресу: Ленинград, Д-88, Невский пр. 28.
предисловие
Данное пособие предназначено для старших курсов факультетов иностранных языков педагогических институтов и филологических факультетов университетов.
Основным его назначением является ознакомление советских студентов, изучающих английский язык, с жизнью и организацией английских университетов и педагогических колледжей.
Включенные в пособие тексты дадут студентам некоторое представление о системе подготовки учителей в Англии. Авторы не ставили своей задачей комментировать содержание текстов, равно как и критиковать систему высшего образования в Англии, имеющую много положительных, но и много отрицательных сторон.
Пособие состоит из двенадцати тематических разделов, включающих лексико-фразеологический вокабуляр, тексты, иллюстрирующие употребление приводимых слов и выражений, а также различные лексические упражнения. В виде приложения в конце_ книги дается краткий русско-английский словарь; в него входят, помимо лексического материала английских текстов, приводимых в пособии, слова и выражения, отражающие жизнь и организацию вузов в нашей стране.
Весь лексический и текстовой материал является оригинальным; он взят из современных (1955—1958 гг.) английских пособий, про-спектбъ и статей по различным вопросам, связанным с постановкой высшего образования в Англии. Тексты сокращены, но не адаптированы.
Целевое назначение пособия как учебного материала для аудиторной работы обусловило также весьма ограниченное введение в текстовой вокабуляр так называемого студенческого слэнга, весьма распространенного в речи современных английских студентов.
Тематический вокабуляр, открывающий каждый раздел, состоит из слов и выражений, в большинстве своем подлежащих активному усвоению. Как правило, эти слова и выражения встречаются также и в текстах или в лексических упражнениях, но в отдельных случая! этот принцип может быть нарушен.
Типовые упражнения даны после каждого раздела; они предназначаются для более прочного усвоения лексического материала и развития навыков устной речи.
CONTENTS
I. Educational Institutions for Adults in Great Britain...... 5
II. The Curriculum and the Syllabus 10
HI. The Teaching Staff 14
IV. The College Building 20
V. Admission of Students 24
VI. The Student Body 28
- Students' Study Work 33
- Students' Social Activities 38
IX. Examinations 41
X. Postgraduate Research Work 45
XI. Scientific Conferences, Sessions, Symposia 51
XII. Scientific Publications 54
Russian-English Dictionary 59
I. EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS FOR ADULTS IN GREAT BRITAIN
Vocabulary (A)
advanced work
Bachelor of Arts Bachelor of Science
compulsory school age
to confer diplomas duplicated
educational institution engineering department extension courses (groups)
extra-mural
fusion
graduate
Master
mining department
non-resident college
учебные занятия повышенного уровня
ученые степени, баккалавр присуждаемые по искусств окончании уни~ баккалавр верситета или наук университетско го колледжа
обязательный школьный возраст (в Великобритании от 5 до 15 лет) выдавать дипломы однотипный, дублирующийся учебное заведение технический факультет курсы повышения квалификации; общеобразовательные курсы заочный слияние выпускник высшего учебного
заведения
магистр (ученая степень) геологический факультет колледж, не имеющий общежития
non-vocational>
preliminary courses refresher courses research
residential college
science department thesis
курсы, не дающие профессиональной подготовки
подготовительные курсы
курсы усовершенствования
научно-исследовательская работа
колледж закрытого типа, имеющий жилой корпус, в котором живут преподаватели и студенты
факультет естественных наук
диссертация
Text 1
The Education Act of 1944 specifies three features which distinguish further education in the United Kingdom. It is for persons over compulsory school age; it consists of full-time and part-time education; and it includes 'leisure-time occupation' in such organized cultural training and recreative activities as are suited to the requirements of adults.
There are different kinds of educational institutions: universities, colleges, both residential and non-resident, university extra-mural departments, evening departments at colleges, extension groups or extension courses, refresher courses and preliminary courses.
The oldest and best-known universities are located in Oxford, Cambridge, London, Manchester, Liverpool, Durham, Edinburgh, Southampton, Cardiff, Bristol, Birmingham. At the University a student studies for three years, or four years in order to become a teacher. The fourth year is devoted to the study of education and relevant subjects. A University graduate will leave with the Degree of Bachelor of Arts, Science, Engineering, Medicine, etc. Later he may continue to take the Master's Degree by thesis or research and if expert in his particular subject the Degree of Doctor is open to him.
There are at present in Great Britain some three hundred technical colleges providing part-time and full-time education. Technical colleges confer diplomas, but not degrees. The Imperial College of Science and Technology of the University of London is made up of the following depart-
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merits: the engineering department, the science department and the mining department. Its main research interests are in exact sciences — mathematics, physics, nearly all branches of chemistry and some branches of biology. When the fusion of some technical colleges took place several years ago all duplicated departments were combined.
Some colleges do a substantial amount of advanced work, particularly in full-time and 'sandwich' courses. (A 'sandwich' course usually lasts 3—5 years and consists of alternate periods of about 6 months each of college education and factory training.)
A necessary condition of entry to the Technical College is a preliminary course of study which will fit the candidates for the more specialized courses.
Adults who have the wish and the possibility to study for pleasure are provided with different forms of 'leisure-time occupation'. Non-vocational and recreational>
Vocabulary (B)
academic board (council)
acting
administrative staff
to be appointed to the part of
to award certificates certificated teacher
co-educational (mixed) college
curriculum
department of Education extension lecture course
head of a department teaching staff
Teachers' Training College visiting head
ученый совет
исполняющий обязанности
администрация
быть назначенным на должность
выдавать свидетельства
учитель, имеющий свидетельство об окончании педагогического колледжа
колледж, в котором учатся юноши и девушки
учебная программа
педагогический факультет
курс лекций, имеющий целью повышение квалификации
декан факультета
преподавательский состав
педагогический колледж
исполняющий обязанности декана наряду с основной
warden (principal)
работой в другом учебном заведении директор колледжа
Text 2
Teachers' Training Colleges have a two-years' course, sometimes three, if specializing in some particular subject. They award certificates to their graduates. Thus, Goldsmiths' College is a large co-educational residential Training College, which forms an integral part of the University of London. The College, which is open to students of both sexes, comprises a Training Department for Teachers, an Art School (Day and Evening) and an Evening Department of Education.
Throughout many years Goldsmiths' College was fortunate in its administrative and teaching staff. In the absence of the warden Prof. R. had been recognized as Acting Warden. At the same time the two Vice-Principals of the Training Department were appointed. The selection of the staff and students, the making of the time-table and the finding of lodgings for students are the tasks of the Vice-Principals in a college. No change may be made in any arranged course of study without reference to the Vice-Principals at the beginning of the sessions.
The new Head of the Evening Department was Mr. J. who had again taken up his duties after a prolonged illness. In his absence the Head of the Lewisham Literary 'Institute Mr. S. acted as visiting Head of the Department for several months.
All questions relating to the curriculum are very fully considered by the Academic Board of the College and the Academic Council of the University.
The extension lecture course is still an important element in most extra-mural programmes. In June 1953, an extension group was started to give Junior school teachers opportunities to share their experiences and discuss their problems in an informal atmosphere. A year or two later, some very successful and well attended Teachers' Refresher Courses, specially concerned with the teaching of backward children, were conducted in the summer terms. The majority of uncertificated teachers that attended them combined a considerable practical experience with no previous theoretical training.
Exercise I. Fill in the blanks with a word or an expression from the new vocabulary.
- Is there any evening department at the English faculty
of your Institute? No, there is only — department for uncertifi-
cated teachers. - All higher institutions in our country are —. They are
open to students of both sexes. - Are there as many residential institutes in Leningrad
as — ones? - Many teachers attend •—• to improve their knowledge.
Several — courses are held for them in this college. - Who substitutes the principal when the latter is on
leave? — does. - — courses are 'organized for those who want to enter
the Institute. - How many members of — form the Academic Board of
your Institute? - Further education comprises — and — education. It is
for people over — age. - Miss Smith got her — at the Manchester Teachers'
Training College.
10. Professor A. — of head of the English department
during eight years.
Exercise II, Supply prepositions or adverbs if necessary.
- School text-books should be suited — the requirements
— children. They should be made — — instructive and inter
esting texts. — present a group of school teachers is compil
ing new standard school books. - Professor F., head of the Educational department, has
retired; he was relieved — his post and Professor A. was
appointed — this post. - Do you know the conditions — entry — the Pedago
gical Institute? No, I don't. I wanted to speak — the deputy-
head of the English department, but the secretary — the
department told me the admission hours were from three
to five. - All questions relating — the extra-mural department
are discussed — the Academic Board of the Institute. - Any Institute graduate may take the Academic Degree —
thesis if he is an expert — his particular subject.
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Exercise III. Give antonyms to the following words and expressions:
part-time education, non-resident college, single-sex institution, increase of the staff, to be relieved from the post, uncertifi-cated teacher, extra-mural.
Exercise IV. Translate into English.
- В педагогических колледжах Великобритании в обязан
ности заместителя директора входит подбор преподавателей,
зачисление студентов и составление расписания. В расписание
нельзя вносить никаких изменений без разрешения замести
теля директора. - Привилегиями при приеме в Педагогический институт
пользуются люди, уже работавшие в школе. - Многие студенты заочного отделения •— учителя без
дипломов, имеющие большой педагогический стаж. - Когда директор института уехал в командировку, това
рищ К. был назначен исполняющим обязанности директора.
Одновременно он занял пост председателя Ученого совета. - Этот институт очень велик: в нем двенадцать факуль
тетов, вечернее и заочное отделение и подготовительные
курсы. Преподавателей в нем более пятисот человек.
II. THE CURRICULUM AND THE SYLLABUS Vocabulary
academic year (session) учебный год
advanced course теоретический курс, объем
которого превышает требования программы; иногда аспирантский курс to attend >
the time-table в расписании
compulsory subject обязательный предмет
comprehensive широкий (план, программа)
course, course of study (of учебный курс
instruction)
course of lectures лекционный курс
course on mathematics курс математики
course in the history of the курс истории языка language
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the course runs for to cut down lectures to draw up the syllabus
film projection
to give thorough tuition
handwork
health education (hygiene) to hold seminars (discussions) humanities individual reading intense curriculum key subject language of instruction
to lead tutorials optional subject overcrowded syllabus physical education (physical training) principles of education private study scheme of study work specialized subject teaching practice tutor
tutorials (or tutorial instruction)
to be well balanced in the humanities and science
курс длится
сокращать число лекций
составлять общий учебный план
работа с кинопроекционным аппаратом
давать основательную подготовку
ручной труд
школьная гигиена
вести семинары
гуманитарные науки самостоятельное чтение насыщенная программа основной предмет язык, на котором ведется обучение
вести практические занятия факультативный предмет перегруженный учебный план физкультура
основы педагогики
самостоятельная работа
учебный (рабочий) план
специальный предмет
шхольная практика
преподаватель, ведущий практические занятия
практические занятия и воспитательная работа в студенческих группах
иметь правильное соотношение гуманитарных и точных наук
Text 8
The function of a University is to give specialized training of a high degree. Universities are well balanced in the humanities and science. The curriculum is arranged to give thorough tuition.
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In the first post-war years many departments suffered from a very intense curriculum and an overcrowded syllabus which left the students almost no time for private study and individual reading. By cutting down the number of lectures it was hoped that there would be more time and scope for tutorial group work.
The established curriculum for two-year students of the Teachers' training department in England included four Ordinary courses taken in the first year only, one of these being continued in the second year as an Advanced course. Some lightening of the curriculum was achieved when the number of 'Ordinary' courses was reduced from four to three, and English Literature ceased to be compulsory.
The College Ordinary course was planned to run for a full academic year of forty-seven weeks, with breaks of four weeks at Christmas and three at Easter. The scheme of study work in a Teachers' Training College is based upon compulsory and optional subjects. Principles and Practice of Teaching, English, Physical Education and Health Education are compulsory subjects. Lectures in these subjects are supplemented by tutorials led by experienced tutors. History, Handwork, Mathematics, Geography, Music are optional. The key subject is Principles of Education.
Seminars on Philosophy and English Literature are held for advanced students only. Critical study of Prose and Poetry in seminars is of great benefit to its members.
A course of study in preparation for the B. A. Degree of the University is provided in several specialized subjects.
All students of the Teachers' Training Department spend twelve weeks on teaching practice in schools, chosen according to the age-range of children for which the students are being trained.
A certain number of students attend also such supplementary courses as film projection and film-making and choral and orchestral groups.
At all Universities and Colleges of England and Wales English is the language of instruction.
Exercise I. Supply prepositions or adverbs if necessary.
1. When drawing — a syllabus the teacher must bear in mind that it must not be overcrowded. Our new syllabus — theoretical grammar must be based — this principle because
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lectures have been cut — to give the "students more time — private study.
2. This year I have decided to take — a specialist course
— >specialists — >•— seminars. It will run — one term.
3. The list of lectures —• the refresher courses provides
— 12 periods — a week. Students are obliged to attend the
classes set — — the time-table.
Exercise II. Translate into Russian.
No student shall be entitled to attend a course of instruction in which he does not propose to offer himself for examination unless accomodation is available for him after provision has been made for all those students for whom the course is primarily intended. The Chairman of a Faculty Board or the Head of a Department or the Chairman of the Board for the Ordinary B. A. Degree may, either on recommendation of the lecturer or on his own initiative, exclude on grounds of lack of space students other than those for whom the particular course is primarily intended.
(Extract from the Rules of Cambridge University.)
Exercise III. Make a list of expressions with the following words and use them in sentences:
course, curriculum, science, subject, tutor.
Exercise IV. Oive definitions of the following according to the model:
Optional subjects. These are subjects chosen by the students according to their individual inclinations.
syllabus, related sciences, humanities, key subject, compulsory subjects, time-table, tutorial group, to give tutorial instruction, extra-mural education, co-educational college, an advanced course, refresher courses, social sciences, faculty board, non-science faculties, a session on phonetics.
Exercise V. Translate into English.
1. Какие факультативные курсы вы будете посещать в будущем году? Мы решили записаться на курс стилистики. В прошлом году мы хотели посещать курс теории перевода,
но не смогли этого сделать, так как выяснили, что он рассчитан на два учебных года и начался на третьем курсе.
- Очень жаль, что у нас нет специального курса по
теоретической фонетике. В прошлом году на семинарах мы
изучали английскую интонацию. Товарищ Н. сделала очень
интересный доклад на эту тему. - Из каких обязательных предметов состоит учебный план
факультета английского языка? Основными предметами являют
ся английский язык, общественные дисциплины и педагогика. - Кто ведет семинары по методике преподавания в вашей
группе? Товарищ С. Он же ведет воспитательную работу
в нашей группе. - Сколько часов обязательных занятий у четвертого
курса? 30 часов в неделю. До прошлого года у студентов
четвертого курса был очень перегруженный учебный план.
Они занимались 36 часов в неделю, и у них не было времени для
самостоятельной работы. - Кто ведет курс истории языка на вашем факультете?
Профессор И. А кто проводит семинарские занятия? Заме
ститель декана нашего факультета товарищ Л. - Когда начинается обучение второму иностранному языку
на вашем факультете? На втором курсе.
III. TEACHING STAFF Vocabulary
advanced degree
to be appointed to the chair
to be appointed to a professorship (to the post of professor)
appointments to the teaching staff
applicant
applications are invited assistant lecturer to assume duties
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ученая степень, полученная за научно-исследовательскую работу
быть назначенным заведующим кафедрой
быть назначенным на должность профессора
назначения на преподавательские должности
лицо, подающее заявление о назначении на должность
принимаются заявления
лектор-стажер
приступить к исполнению обязанностей
clarity of diction experience in the educational field fitting speed full-time teacher
to give practical instruction to hold (occupy) the chair to hold (possess) a degree the holder (occupant) of the
chair
Increase in staff instructor in teaching methods
laboratory technician lecturer in the History of
Education
matter of instruction part-time teacher
postgraduate courses
presentation of a subject
to recruit teachers
reduction of the staff
to retire
retired teacher
on one's retirement
the subject under review
the staff; teaching staff
to staff
staffing ratio
teaching duties
teaching experience (service)
teaching methods
visiting professor
voice-recording
четкость дикции опыт преподавания
подобающий темп преподаватель на полной
ставке
вести практические занятия заведовать кафедрой иметь ученую степень заведующий кафедрой
расширение штатов
методист; преподаватель, ведущий практические занятия по методике
лаборант (в лаборатории)
лектор по истории педагогики
содержание обучения преподаватель на неполной
ставке
аспирантские занятия изложение предмета набирать преподавателей сокращение штатов уйти в отставку (на пенсию) преподаватель-пенсионер после ухода на пенсию излагаемый предмет преподавательский состав укомплектовывать преподавательскими кадрами штатное расписание преподавательская нагрузка педагогический стаж методика преподавания профессор, приглашенный из другого учебного заведения или из другой страны для чтения определенного курса лекций
запись на магнитофонную ленту
Text 4
The teaching staff of Goldsmiths' College is academically a strong one and teaching is maintained at a high level. After the war the College obtained a badly needed increase in staff and several full-time and part-time teachers were recruited both for the morning and the evening departments. At present sixty-five teachers are on its staff, forty-three of whom are holders of advanced degrees.
Part-time teaching has its place especially in postgraduate courses. In technical colleges mosl of the part-time teachers are industrialists, that is men and women of distinction employed in industry.
The first appointments to the teaching staff of Goldsmiths' College were made during the summer term. The applicants were: Dr. R. as full-time senior lecturer in the History of Education. He is a man of wide experience in the educational field, having taught both in Grammar school and at University level and having had experience in administrative and inspectorial work. Alongside with his duties at the University of Birmingham, he had been visiting professor at a Teachers' Training College and some years ago lectured by invitation in Scotland.
Miss L. was appointed to the post of full-time assistant lecturer in English literature and Mrs. B. and Mr. W. as instructors in teaching methods. An old student of the College Miss J. was appointed temporarily to assist with the English tutorial work. She will assume duties at the beginning of the winter term and will give practical instruction in Phonetics and voice recording.
Applications are still invited for the post of Professor of Education who will also hold the chair after the retirement of its present occupant, Dr. N.
In the teaching of many subjects the assistance of a laboratory technician is of great value. The teacher without a laboratory technician finds himself with less time than he should have for his normal teaching duties. He has no time for designing and arranging practical instruction and all too frequently lessons become 'chalk and talk'. Unluckily for the teaching staff of the College, the number of laboratory technicians has been greatly reduced in the
16
preceding years, but it is to be hoped that a more generous staffing ratio will allow the employment of some additional workers.
Text 5 The Training of University Teachers
At the beginning of his teaching career the young instructor is likely to be faced with a heavy load of elementary teaching, and the fact that he has research ability does not necessarily mean that he has interest in, or aptitude for, pure teaching at the university level, nor that he is capable of keeping a tutorial group running smoothly.
So far, little attention has been paid to the technique of lecturing. In general, lecturers are conscientious about the matter of instruction, but the presentation of a subject in the lecture-room, though impeccable as regards content, does on occasion leave much to be desired in the matter of elementary teaching techniques.
This is the most vital point of all. The cause of so much dissatisfaction quite often proves to be some fault in the technique of presentation, or even a mere mechanical shortcoming, which could in most cases so easily have been circumvented by some initial instruction and guidance of the lecturer concerned.
The following are a few of the purely mechanical skills which might be considered desirable in a good teacher or lecturer. First, the adoption of a fitting speed and clarity of diction. Secondly, the clear formulation and appropriate stressing of the main points of the subject under review. The lecturer must know which points are important or difficult enough to require particular stressing, either in the form of repetition or slower and more deliberate speaking, or even by the dictation of vitally relevant matter.
The extent to which the blackboard is used will obviously vary with the nature of the lecture; a statistical, technical or linguistic theme will call for more blackboard writing than, say, a literature or a philosophy lecture. Titles of works, proper names unusual or foreign, terms, dates — all these should be written up to ensure that students get the correct form. The writing must be clear and legible, and not scattered about in disorder on the board.
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Of no less importance is the proper 'staging' of material. There is an element of the histrionic in all personal teaching; the teacher is to some extent an actor, who must make his material come to life. There are some generally recognized devices into the application of which a young instructor could with advantage be initiated. A slight break before passing on to a new theme in a lecture can be most refreshing for all concerned. An occasional pause to receive questions from students will in certain cases add to the effectiveness of the lecture, it 'draws the students in' more and gives the lecturer a chance to gauge their grasp of what he is saying. Learning the students' names is an essential requirement in establishing such closer contact with them. The prompt return of written work not only helps to keep up students' interest in their subject, but also gives the right to demand written work from the students within the time-limit specified.
(S. Radcliffe, lecturer in German at the University of Bristol. 'Nature', March 10, 1956.)
Exercise I. Supply prepositions or adverbs if necessary.
- As we had an increase — the staff last year several
new teachers were taken — — the staff. Now according —
the staffing ratio there will be 12 teachers — the staff. - The teacher — charge — our course was appointed —
the post — assistant-professor several years ago. She is a
lecturer — lexicology. Her vivid presentation — the subject
and clarity — diction make the vital points — her lecture
clear — everybody. Besides holding —• a course —• lexico
logy, she holds seminars — it. She is very experienced —
the educational field. - Prof., P., the holder — the chair — Education was
appointed — it — the retirement of Prof. F. who occupied the
chair — 8 years and was relieved — it when he retired. - Did you attend — Prof. N.'s lecture yesterday? Yes,
I did. What was the subject — review? Prof. N. delivered a
lecture — the matter — instruction.
18
Exercise II. Translate the following expressions into English, giving all possible variants. Use one of the variants in a sentence.
1. Читать курс лекций. 2. Вести семинарские занятия. 3. Заведовать кафедрой. 4. Подготавливать специалистов. 5. Получать специальную подготовку. 6. Обязательный предмет. 7. Факультативный курс. 8. Лектор по химии. 9. Профессор-консультант. 10. Преподавательский состав. 11. Набирать преподавателей. 12. Высококвалифицированный преподаватель. 13. Методика преподавания. 14. Преподаватель на полной ставке. 15. Перегруженная программа. 16. Идти по программе. 17. Сокращать число обязательных лекций. 18. Дополнять лекции семинарскими занятиями. 19. Расшире-' ние штата. 20. Принимать на должность лаборанта.
Exercise III. Compose the second part of the following dialogues:
Dialogue 1.
A. Will there be any changes in your staffing ratio this
year?
B....
A. Will all the teachers you are recruiting be full-time
teachers?
B....
A. So they assume duties on September 1. Who was
appointed to the chair of phonetics on the retirement of assist
ant-professor M.?
B....
A. Yes, he certainly is a master of methods and very
experienced in the educational field. Was he only on your
staff?
B....
Dialogue 2.
L. Why has a new syllabus been drawn up?
S....
L. So the amount of lectures has been cut down; and what subjects do you study in seminars?
S...,
L. You say it is a specialist course. How long does it run and who holds the course?
S..„
19
L. He was a visiting professor last year, wasn't he?
S....
L. You don't say so! So professor M. has retired. What a pity!
S....
L. And who is in charge of the course now?
S....
Topics for oral and written discussion and dialogues:
- The syllabus of the English faculty.
- What are the necessary requirements of a good lectur
er?
IV. THE COLLEGE BUILDING Vocabulary (A)
to accomodate
administration rooms changing room cinema-projection room committee room
common room
to be crammed to capacity
dean's (vice-dean's) office
debating hall
dormitory accomodation
double room
extension of student numbers
gymnasium
hall of residence (residential building)
notice board
refectory
to seat
staff common room
study-bedroom
teaching space
вмещать, предоставлять помещение
административные помещения
комната для переодевания
кинопроекционная будка
помещение для студенческих собраний
комната отдыха
быть переполненным до отказа
деканат, кабинет декана (заместителя декана)
конференц-зал
места в общей спальне
комната на двоих
увеличение числа студентов
спортивный зал жилой корпус
доска объявлений
буфет; столовая
вмещать
преподавательская
комната, служащая кабинетом
и спальней учебные помещения
Text 6
The College building contains the following rooms: the Assembly Hall capable of seating over 1,000 people, modern Biology, Chemistry, Geography and Physics laboratories both for teaching and research purposes, a gymnasium with changing rooms and shower baths, a room for modern educational dance, two large Halls, one of them has a well equipped stage for drama performances, the other — a cinema-projection room, a refectory (to seat 300), lecture rooms and>
The object of the College is not only to train scientists and technologists but also to form a base for education in its broadest sense. This can best be fulfilled by the students mixing among themselves and the academic staff in debate, in common rooms and refectories.
Any extension of student numbers is at present impossible, for daily the building is crammed to capacity. Numbers of rooms still need modernization and as ever the need is for more and more teaching space.
Two adjoining buildings are reserved for residential purposes and have been acquired by the College primarily to provide much-needed Halls of Residence for its students. The existing Halls cannot accomodate more than a very small fraction of the growing number of students and the College hopes to provide 480 new study-bedrooms. The new hostels will have accomodation for permanent residents in single and double rooms as well as temporary dormitory accomodation.
Vocabulary (B)
to borrow books
caution money
deposit
for the use of>
free service
Head Librarian
inter-library loan
брать книги в библиотеке
денежный залог
взнос
для аудиторных занятий
бесплатное обслуживание
заведующий библиотекой
межбиблиотечный абонемент
21
library book losses
local public library
periodicals
query
reading-list of recommended
works
reference section request slip times of opening well-stocked
утеря библиотечных книг
районная библиотека
журналы, газеты
запрос
список рекомендованной ли*
тературы справочный отдел требование (на книгу) часы работы хорошо укомплектованная
Text 7 The College Library
The technical colleges in England only too often possess inadequate libraries and reading-rooms, comparing unfavourably with a local public library. On the contrary, Teachers' Training Colleges have for the greater part well-stocked libraries and reading-halls which is of no small importance since a large proportion of students are without the privacy for study in their homes and lodgings.
The College Library offers a free service to all the teachers and students. Times of opening are: Monday to Friday mornings 9.30 a.m. — 7.30 p.m., Tuesday and Thursday nights till 10 p.m. Readers may borrow four books, but not more than two novels at a time. Books on the subjects to be studied can also be provided by means of inter-library loans both for the use of>
If a book is required which is not on the shelves a request slip will be found on the Library table. In the Reference Section information will be obtained on various subjects. Readers are invited to write on slips queries to which they have been unable to find the answer and place them in the box provided. The required information will then be obtained for them. Periodicals are provided for reading in reading-halls and common rooms. Borrowings are mainly for one evening use, but short period borrowing is possible.
A deposit of 5 is payable by anyone who wishes to become a reader of the library. This 'caution money' is
22
refunded at the end of the course after deducting from it payments for library book losses and the like.
Exercise I. Fill in the blanks with a word or expression from the text.
- The — of the Club of the Leningrad Hertzen Institute
seats 500 students, but on evenings of the English club it
is —, you cannot drop a pin there. Its — for drama perform
ances is rather small, but there is surely plenty of space to
dance in the —. In the back there is a — ; foreign
films which have not been dubbed are shown here for edu
cational aims. - The departments of the Institute have — libraries
which — to all the students, — being adapted to the needs
of the students: the libraries are open from 2 to 11 p.m.
Books that are not available at these libraries may be — by
means of —, one has only to fill in a — and hand it in to
the —.
Exercise II. Give definitions of the following (see model, exercise IV, p. 15):
debating hall, inter-library loan, staff common room, residential building, request slip, assembly hall, caution money, refectory, non-fiction works, to be crammed to capacity.
Exercise III. Translate into English.
- Как пройти в преподавательскую? Идите прямо по
коридору мимо деканата и читального зала. Преподаватель
ская напротив доски объявлений. - Это жилой корпус? Нет. В первом этаже находится
гимнастический зал, душевые, комната для переодевания,
буфет, студенческая комната отдыха. А во втором? Там — ак
товый зал, библиотека, административные помещения. Где же
учебные помещения? В третьем, четвертом и пятом этажах. - У вас показывают кинофильмы после собраний и дис
куссий? Не всегда. Когда мы встречаемся на дискуссиях
со студентами университета, споры продолжаются до полу
ночи. Но иногда после собраний идут научно-популярные
фильмы. - Сколько человек вмещает этот зал заседаний? Около
ста человек. Если мы будем проводить здесь заседание, то
зал будет набит до отказа, так как должно собраться около
23
двухсот человек. Может быть, перейти в конференц-зал? Но там нет кинопроекционной будки, а мы хотим показать несколько кинохроник.
- Сколько мест в каждой комнате этого общежития?
Обычно пять или шесть. Но есть и комнаты на двоих. - Вы берете книги в районной библиотеке? Нет, наша
институтская библиотека хорошо укомплектована научной
литературой. Кое-что мы получаем по межбиблиотечному
абонементу.
V. ADMISSION OF STUDENTS Vocabulary
academic qualification
admission
to admit (to enroll)
age of entry (of admission)
applicant
applicants for university
places
application for admission (admission form) candidates for admission
entrance requirements
entrant (person on entry to
a college) examination scheme to gain entrance to interview candidates
to launch an examination
scheme to pass in a subject
to raise entrance standards
to require the withdrawal of a student
учебная подготовка
зачисление, прием
зачислять, принимать
возраст поступающих
подающий заявление о приеме; абитуриент
подающие заявления о приеме в университет
заявление о приеме
поступающие; кандидаты на зачисление
требования на вступительных экзаменах
студент-новичок (только что поступивший в колледж)
расписание экзаменов
поступить
проводить собеседование с поступающими
вывесить расписание экзаменов
сдать предмет с удовлетворительной оценкой
повысить требования на вступительных экзаменах
потребовать исключения студента
24
to select for admission to select students on interview session
standards of admission to submit an application to take a subject at ordinary level to take a subject at advanced
level
a three-year course for a degree
to transfer a student to a course
отбирать для зачисления
отбирать студентов после собеседования
учебный год
правила приема
подавать заявление
сдавать предмет по обычным (средним)требованиям
сдавать предмет по повышенным требованиям
трехлетний курс обучения, по окончании которого выпускнику присуждается ученая степень баккалавра
перевести студента на курс
Text 8 Entry to a University
Admission to the universities is by examination and selection. Women are admitted on equal terms with men, but at Cambridge their numbers are limited by statute, as they were at Oxford until 1957.
All universities in Britain limit the number of undergraduates which they will accept; and, in spite of the increase in these limits which has taken place since the end of the second world war, the demand for places continues to be very keen and many candidates are unable to gain entrance to the university of their first choice.
The Department receives applications for admission to its course of training up to 12 months before the opening of a session in October. Candidates should submit their applications in the normal way to the Secretary.
Candidates for admission to the four-year course must satisfy the minimum Entrance Requirements of the University of London. The minimum age for admission to the four-year course is normally 18 years by October 1 in the year of admission.
In the coming years there are expected to be more applicants for university places. As the result of it, Oxford and Cambridge, where it is unlikely that the expansion can
25
be large, whatever may be desirable, are almost bound to raise entrance standards.
It is customary for departments to interview all likely candidates and to aim at completing their selection by March. Science and mathematics lecturers are usually given opportunities to see entrants at the earliest possible occasion either immediately after the students enter College or on the occasion of the interview when students are selected for admission.
An examination scheme is launched by the College a month before the beginning of the examinations. The normal academic qualification for admission to the College is a pass in 5 subjects taken at Ordinary level, or a combination of passes at Ordinary and Advanced levels. The entrants are enrolled in about three dozen>
Students entering on a three-year course for a degree may be transferred to the two-year course, if they are unable to satisfy their lecturers of their fitness to continue the degree course. The College authorities also reserve the right to require the withdrawal of any student at any time during the period of training if, in their opinion, the progress, conduct or physical condition of the student makes such a course desirable.
Exercise I. Supply prepositions or adverbs if necessary and answer the following questions:
- When do our intra-mural institutes receive applications
— admission — their course — training? - Whom should candidates submit their applications — ?
- What is the minimum age — admission — our institute?
- How many applicants — one place were there at our
Institute last year? - When is it customary — departments to complete their
selection of entrants — admission? - — how many groups were our entrants enrolled?
- What is the benefit of selecting students — interview?
- Where can one learn about the conditions — entry and
standards — admission — our institute? - When can students entering — a three-year course be
transferred — the two-year course?
10. Why do College Authorities sometimes require — the
withdrawal — students?
26
Exercise II. Fill in the blanks with a word or expression from the new vocabulary.
My sister finished school two years ago. As, according to the new — standards, there are relaxations for — with a two year record of work, she went to work as a pioneer leader at the school she had just finished. This spring she — an application for admission to the secretary of our entrance commission. There she learned that there were five — for each institute place, but she had studied hard during these two years and was well prepared for these examinations. She — all subjects and when the — of candidates for admission was completed she found her name in the list of — on the notice-board of the entrance commission.
Exercise III. Give nouns, verbs and adjectives corresponding to the following:
entry, admit, submit, application, interview, residence, acco-modate, staff, education, tutor, occupy, retire, curriculum.
Exericise IV. Translate into English.
Председатель приемной комиссии рассказал об условиях приема: „В институт принимается молодежь с законченным средним образованием. В приемную комиссию подано много заявлений, особенно на факультет английского языка. Иногда заявлений в десять раз больше, чем число имеющихся вакантных мест. Совершенно естественно, отбираются наиболее способные кандидаты, а поэтому требования на вступительных экзаменах очень высокие. Поступающие сдают экзамены по четырем предметам: по иностранному языку, который будущий студент собирается изучать в институте, по русскому языку, по литературе и по истории". „А есть ли какие-нибудь льготы?" „Льготами пользуются демобилизованные и те, кто после школы работал не менее двух лет. Многие из тех, кто работает на производстве, но собирается поступить в наш институт, учатся сейчас на подготовительных курсах".
Topic for oral and written discussion and dialogues:
The conditions of entry and standards of admission to our institutes as compared to those in Great Britain.
27
VI. THE STUDENT BODY Vocabulary (A)
award, grant to award grants
awarding board
the composition on the men's
side
dependant entrance examination
estimate of proficiency ex-serviceman
external student full-time student
General Certificate of Education
part-time student
private student recognized student
state scholarship student body student numbers terminal examination undergraduate
пособие, субсидия, стипендия назначать стипендии (пособия)
стипендиальная комиссия мужской состав (студентов)
иждивенец
вступительный (приемный) экзамен
оценка знаний
студент, поступивший в колледж после демобилизации из армии
студент-заочник
студент, которому не приходится совмещать занятия с работой
аттестат зрелости, который английские школьники получают обычно в 16 лет, после сдачи экзаменов за среднюю школу
студент, совмещающий занятия в колледже с работой
студент-вольнослушатель
студент, которому по распоряжению Министерства просвещения Англии назначена стипендия или пособие
государственная стипендия
контингент студентов
число студентов
семестровый экзамен
студент, учащийся высшего учебного заведения (университета или университетского колледжа)
28
Text 9
The University of Bristol has a student body of several thousand students but for the greater part they are part-time students and very few workmen's children can be found among them, for the cost of study is much too high.
It is estimated that by 1963—1964 student numbers in England will be raised by 50 per cent due to the increase in the number of births in the postwar years. This will necessitate expansion of universities and colleges and recruitment of additional teachers.
Last year there was already an appreciable increase in student numbers in the Engineering and Building departments, particularly in the composition on the men's side. After the war these departments had the great advantage of a strong body of mature and purposeful ex-servicemen. From the outset they took the lead among the students, especially among undergraduates of the 1st and 2nd years. They tended to take their studies more seriously and showed their administrative talents in strengthening the authority of the various student organizations.
Some English students are 'recognized' by the Ministry of Education, i.e. they comply with the Ministry's Regulations, and grants are payable on their account in accordance with those regulations. 'Private' students, that is, students not recognized by the Ministry and on whose account no grants or awards are payable are also admitted to different courses, but they are in the minority, for few have sufficient means.
The Ministry's grants and awards are subject to consideration of parents' or guardians' means and the number of dependants the family has to support. The awarding boards take account also of the estimates of proficiency formed at interviews of candidates who have done well in the entrance and terminal examinations.
To encourage boys and girls to enter advanced courses at technical colleges straight from school it is proposed to. ask the Ministry for more state scholarships awarded on the results of the General Certificate of Education examinations..
29
Vocabulary (В)
academic work
to be accomodated day student
inspected and approved lodgings
old student registered lodgings
resident student warden of the hostel
учебная работа; учебные занятия
получить место для жилья
студент, приходящий в колледж на занятия, но не живущий при нем
частные квартиры, находящиеся под наблюдением администрации колледжа, в которых студенты могут снимать комнаты
бывший выпускник
жилые помещения, находящиеся на учете в колледже
студент, живущий в общежитии при колледже
заведующий общежитием
Text 10 Students' Residential Accomodations
Men and women students who cannot live at home or be accomodated in a Hall of Residence are required to live in lodgings approved and inspected by the College. Only a small part of English colleges are co-educational. In mixed colleges men and women live in different hostels, but they mix without distinction in their academic work, in sport, and socially. Hostel features largely in one's memories of college life, in the ordinary communal life of the house with friendships which have stood the test of the intervening years, the impromptu concerts, the singing in the women's hostels, the hostel dances. Student life at the hostels is greatly influenced by the personality of the Wardens, who as a rule are their students' stern but just friends.
All resident students are required to take the mid-day meal provided in College from Monday to Friday as part of the boarding arrangements. Day students are strongly recommended to have their mid-day meal in College. The
30
Refectories and Canteens are intended for the Use of both students and teachers.
An old student of Goldsmiths' College gives a short account of his life there: 'For the first three years after the College opened we had no hostels and many students had to live in lodgings. I remember tramping up and down roads near New Cross making enquiries about rooms. In retrospect it seems to me that I spent much of the first year in dealing with landladies for there was no tradition in Goldsmiths', as in Oxford or Cambridge, of registered lodgings for students.'
Exercise I. Complete the following sentences.
- A person who studies at a higher educational institution
is called —. - One who has graduated from a university is called —.
- A student of the last year of studies is called —.
- A student of the inter-mural (extra-mural) department is
called —. - A student who lives (does not live) in the hostel is
called —. - Scholarship awarded to students who have excellent
marks in all subjects is called —. - A room in the hostel for two students is called —•.
- A college where boys and girls study (do not study)
together is called —. - A college with (without) a hostel for students and
teachers is called—.
Exercise II. Rewrite each of the following sentences using a word or expression from the text instead of those in bold type.
- He was very earnest in his studies and showed great
capacities for scientific research. - The football team of St. John's College gained first
place in the autumn games. - From the very beginning it was clear that those appli
cants would be selected for admission. - The girls were living in a nicely furnished room with
a balcony commanding a breathtaking view of the snow-capped
mountains. - It was difficult for her to retell the story in short
because she found all the details so thrilling.
31
Exercise III. Find all the expressions pertaining to:
1. conditions of entry to an institute; 2. a students' hostel; 3. borrowing books from a library; 4. the staffing radio; 5. the dean's office; 6. the awarding board.
Make up short stories using these expressions.
Exercise IV. Fill in the blanks with definite or indefinite articles where necessary.
- deputy director told me that there were some foreign
ers among — students at the Institute from Albania, Bulga
ria,— Korean People's Democratic Republic etc. — foreign stu
dents attend only regular day courses and study — same lan
guages as — other students after having previously mastered
Russian, which is taught in — special groups. - passing glance at — time-table is enough to convince one
that the institute does not train — narrow specialists in — prac
tical language, but gives each student — all-round education
as well.
Exercise V. Translate into English.
- Есть на вашем факультете студенты-вольнослушатели?
Нет, у нас не разрешают их принимать. А есть ли такие, кто
имеет свободное расписание? Таким правом пользуются не
сколько студентоц, совмещающих замятия в институте с ра
ботой. - Эта девушка •-- первокурсница английского факультета?
Нет, она второкурсница. А как она учится? У нее отличные
оценки по всем предметам, и она получает повышенную сти
пендию. - Кто назначает стипендию на факультете? Стипенди
альная комиссия. Кто в нее входит? Декан, два преподава
теля и два студента — представители общественных органи
заций. - Почему этот студент ходит в военной форме? Он де
мобилизован из армии. Он выпускник? Нет, он окончил тре-
тиг, курс в этом году. - Сколько студентов вашей группы получили место в обще
житии? Четыре человека. Сколько студентов не живут в обще
житии? Шесть человек, из них трое живут с родителями, а
трое снимают комнаты.
32
- Кто заведует вашим общежитием? Товарищ С. Усло
вия жизни в общежитии хорошие? Да, и очень удобно то,
что общежитие находится в здании факультета. - Вы случайно не знаете, где хранятся личные дела сту
дентов? Не знаю точно, но мне кажется, что они в деканате.
А зачем это вам? Мне нужна характеристика для работы
в пионерском лагере.
VII. STUDENTS' STUDY WORK Vocabulary
ability
advanced academic subject
to be allotted (attached) to a form
Board of Education criticism lesson
to cut lectures (classes)
demonstration school headmaster inaugural lecture
independent enquiry mixed>
the opening of a new session
regulation lesson
supervisor on school practice
to take English (written work)
teaching (educational) film teaching scheme visual aid
способности
теоретическая (научная) дисциплина, объем которой выходит за пределы учебной программы
быть прикрепленным к классу (на время школьной практики)
педагогический совет
урок практиканта с последующим обсуждением
пропускать лекции (практические занятия)
базовая школа
директор школы
лекция вновь принятого профессора для преподавателей
самостоятельное исследование
группа, в которой учатся вместе юноши и девушки
начало нового учебного года
урок по расписанию руководитель педагогической практики; методист заниматься английским языком (письменной практикой)
учебный фильм учебный план наглядное пособие
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Text 11
The new session at the Teachers' Training College began as usual with an inaugural lecture by the new Head of the Department, Professor N. It could be seen from the start that the first postwar curriculum for two-year courses was indeed very different from that of previous years. Almost the whole of the first year was devoted to non-professional subjects. Only with the second year did the actual training work begin. All students took English, French, or Mathematics, History, Geography, Science in some form, Handwork or Needlework, Drawing and Physical Education, according to their bent.
They had lectures almost without pause from 9.45 a.m. to 5 p.m. Every student by order of the Board of Education had to learn 200 lines of poetry by heart. This left the students even of outstanding ability practically no spare time for private study or individual reading.
Wednesday afternoon was free for all; though later, owing to rivalry between the men and women for the playing field, the men took Wednesday and the women Thursday afternoon.
As more and more of the students came from Secondary Schools the number of courses of 'Ordinary' standard was reduced, and the newly designed 'Advanced' courses took their place. Advanced courses necessarily entailed mixed >
Teaching schemes were experimental and included social studies, practical teaching and an advanced academic subject with a special study based on a piece of independent enquiry which a student worked out in the British Museum.
One of the most respected in those days for his great learning was Dr. Rees, whose lectures no 3rd year undergraduate would ever dream of cutting. He organized the showing of educational or teaching films which were selected to introduce students to the film as a creative medium of expression.
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At the Demonstration schools which all the final-year students visited they learnt the use of different visual aids and took active part in discussing criticism lessons under the guidance of a supervisor on school practice.
Text 12
At Goldsmiths' College my first 'School Practice' was a three-week period at Stanley Street School. For the first week I was attached to Standard IV with a pleasant and very capable teacher. This was before the days of specialization and >
For the second and third weeks, however, I was allotted to Standard VI. This I knew was to be no picnic, for the>
A number of these lads came to school barefoot, and most of them did some casual labour. One, for instance, did the usual three milk rounds — 'breakfast', 'pudding' and 'tea' — and washed all his milk cans in the evening. He really came to school to rest and when I learned the full facts I allowed him to have a sleep period. My College tutor supervisor, knowing the conditions, kindly refrained from expecting 'criticism lessons'.
My second period of School Practice was much the same. I had a pleasant first week at Stillness Road School and then a fortnight with a teacher whose one main idea was to leave the>
However, I obtained a good teaching certificate and start-, ed a fifty-year teaching career at the princely sum of 75 per annum, and I am still going strong.
(H, Abbot, Goldsmiths' College)
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Exercise I. Insert an appropriate word from the new vocabulary.
- He returned as professor to the University which he had
first attended as an —. - For two decades he taught in its laboratories and lecture
rooms, for almost a decade he was warden of its largest—. - A grant is paid to a — student, i. e. one who lives in
a College hostel or in lodgings — by the College. - Over 150 students — for the new course in the Study
of Education and attended it regularly. - Although the short-term — colleges are still very new
they are already becoming well established. - It is estimated that by 1963—64 student —will be —
by 50 per cenl. - The University of London alone among British univer
sities awards — to — students. - The report stresses the importance of hostel — at colleges
with full-time students. - In this college over 170 students reside in student —
and 240 feed in student—.
10. Besides the Ordinary course there is also — profession
al course in Physical —.
Exercise II. Fill in prepositions or adverbs where necessary.
- Students admitted — a degree course are normally expect
ed to remain — College for four years. - Dr. N. began to admit students to his laboratory for'
practical instructions — chemistry. - All first-year students will attend sessions — phonetics
and pronunciation in separate tutorial groups. - His interests were wide and while — the University he
took courses — mathematics, physics and medicine. - Prof. M. was appointed — Principal oi Dudley Training
College and lecturer — Education. - After a period of three years Mr. W. returned to aca
demic life when he was appointed — the chair of Applied
Chemistry. - During 1951—1957 Mr. P. was —the staff of the Uni
versity of Edinburgh.
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- In 1952 he was appointed — a lectureship and in 1954 —
a senior lectureship in the Teachers' Training College. - He lectured — invitation in Scotland in 1955.
10. The students have the best recollections of the time
spent — teaching practice at the Demonstration school for Junior
children.
Exercise III. Translate into English giving all possible variants. Use one of the variants in a sentence.
1. Слушать курс лекций. 2. Посещать семинарские занятия. 3. Иметь склонность к научной работе. 4. Самостоятельная работа. 5. Заниматься физкультурой. 6. Под руководством. 7. Пройти курс подготовки. 8. Дать открытый урок. 9. Руководитель школьной практики. 10. Показательная школа. 11. Начало учебного года. 12. Записаться на факультативный курс. 13. Заниматься немецким и французским языками. 14. Самостоятельное исследование. 15. Выдающиеся способности.
Exercise IV. Make a list of expressions with the following words and use them in sentences:
graduate, degree, examinations, thesis.
Exercise V. Translate into English.
Когда я вошла в фонетический кабинет, то увидела, что студенты первого курса факультета английского языка слушают запись текста, начитанного их преподавателем. Слушая магнитофон, они прилежно делали пометки в тетрадях.
Одна из студенток объяснила мне, что многие аудитории института снабжены фонетической аппаратурой.
„Из этих аудиторий, — сказала она, — можно позвонить по телефону лаборанту фонетического кабинета и попросить его записать нужную часть занятий или передать запись через наушники или репродукторы. Преподаватель и студенты слушают запись, анализируют ошибки в произношении, в интонации. Студент, прослушав магнитофонную запись своей речи, может анализировать свои собственные ошибки. Есть несколько аудиторий, приспособленных для демонстрации учебных фильмов. Радио- и киноустановки в учебных аудиториях очень помогают усовершенствовать учебный процесс".
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VIII. STUDENTS' SOCIAL ACTIVITIES Vocabulary
athletic activities character training comments on the day to day
happenings
to conduct a walk (outing) Dramatic Society extra-curricular activities Film Society
inter-departmental
Old Students' Association
outing
poetry recital
recorded concert
reunion
social activities
Sports Society
students' bulletin
students' societies
спортивная деятельность
воспитание характера
отклики на каждодневные события
проводить поход
драматическое общество
внеаудиторная деятельность
общество (кружок) кинолюбителей
межфакультетский
ассоциация бывших выпускников
туристский поход (на лодках, велосипедах)
литературный вечер
концерт граммзаписи
встреча
общественная деятельность
спортивное общество
студенческая газета
студенческие общества или кружки
Text 13
The social life of universities in Britain is characterized by the existence of a large number of students' societies and clubs, which are organized by the undergraduates themselves. Some of these societies have an athletic purpose; others are concerned with topics of professional or cultural interest such as politics, drama, music, modern languages, literature or science.
In many universities, there is an all-embracing students' Council or Union which has the oversight of all these extracurricular activities. Universities in which such unions exist recognize their position and frequently provide them with premises for their activities.
The Educational Department of the London University lives a well-developed cultural corporate life based on con-
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tacts among students in the refectory, common rooms, concert hall, theatre and, in particular, on the activities of the Students' Association and its associated clubs and societies.
With the large access of numbers after the war the range of student activities was naturally enlarged. Open-air productions were added on the playing fields in the summer term which always drew a large number of spectators. The standard of dramatic work by students reached an exceptionally high level and the College Dramatic Society presented plays not only within the college walls but to outside audiences as well. Socially, too, despite the lack of numbers of men at hostel dances (which will always be an unsolved problem until numbers become more equal) the College life was very full. Some of the College dances became interdepartmental, sponsored by each department in turn. Mention should be made of the Grand Fancy Dress Ball given at the end of the year.
Sharing of extra-curricular activities was evident also among part-time students, notably in the Film Society which in the first post-war years had an average Saturday evening attendance of more than 200 drawn to some extent from all three departments. On some evenings poetry recitals and recorded concerts of symphony music were also organized.
Outings, whether on foot or cycle or in a small boat are considered to be of tremendous value to the character training of young people, so the Students' Association arranged several summer walks to the suburbs; some of these walks attracted so many students that they were embarrassing to conduct.
In May 1954, the first number of 'Sennet', the University of London weekly student newspaper, appeared and since that time 67 issues have been published. The student newspaper is of vital importance in the University with its large number of colleges dispersed over a wide area. It is published every Tuesday during term, costs three pence, and contains full news of University activities, sports reports, comments on the day to day happenings, and its very aptness and freshness of viewpoint endeared it to most who read it — which certainly includes the staff.
Membership of the Old Students' Association is open to all students who have completed their courses in the colleges sponsored by the University of London.
The objects of the Old Students' Association are to maintain the College corporate spirit amongst Old Students and to provide a continuing link with College affairs.
In the decade preceding the war the Old Students' Association had been gathering strength. On more than one occasion Tea for Old Friends had been provided in the Great Hall at autumn reunions. It was well supported and had become an annual feature of College life. Now the Old Students' Reunions take place regularly in November. This great gathering-in party of the year is Open Day at College with its games, dramatic shows and dancing. Old Students who attend these reunions speak — all of them — with affection and with pride of their lecturers and of the techniques and traditions they had carried with them into the outside world of schools.
Exercise /. Complete the following sentences.
- The range of student activities includes—.
- Outings may be on—.
- The students' bulletin contains—.
- Open Day is the great gathering-in party of the year
with its —. - Our sports society has various Sections such as —.
- The gathering-in of Old Students is called —.
- Plays staged in summer out of doors on a green lawn
are called—. - At New Year — the students of our group were dressed
in the costumes of the Snow Maiden and the seven gnomes. - Membership of the Old Students' Association is open
to—.
Exercise II. Give definitions of the following (see model, exercise IV, p. 15):
outing, extra-curricular activities, ex-service man, sports society, play-readings, awarding board, day student, student scientific society, inter-faculty students' bulletin, warden of the hostel, iinal-year student.
Exercise III. Translate into English.
Наш институт — один из самых больших институтов страны. Он помещается в нескольких старинных зданиях на
40
набережной реки Мойки. Институт готовит учителей для средних школ Советского Союза. Среди студентов института есть и люди, пришедшие прямо со школьной скамьи, но большинство студентов — производственники, учителя начальной школы, демобилизованные. На заочном отделении учатся тысячи людей, приезжающих в институт со всех концов нашей Родины. На вечернем отделении без отрыва от производства сотни людей получают квалификацию учителя.
В институте есть факультеты английского, французского и немецкого языков.
Очень интересна внеаудиторная работа студентов этих факультетов. Она направлена на то, чтобы помочь студентам лучше овладеть иностранными языками и подготовить хорошего школьного учителя-воспитателя.
На факультете английского языка имеется студенческое научное общество, объединяющее несколько научных кружков. Студенты выступают там с научными докладами и обзорами, а лучшие доклады читаются на ежегодных студенческих научных конференциях.
На факультете есть спортивное общество, защищающее спортивную честь факультета на межфакультетских и межинститутских соревнованиях. Волейбольные и баскетбольные команды часто завоевывают первые места.
В последние годы особенно активизировалась работа драматических и хоровых кружков на английском языке. Члены студенческого клуба организуют литературные вечера, конкурсы, диспуты, ставят пьесы, разучивают английские народные песни, делают сообщения о жизни английского народа.
В студенческой стенной газете отражается жизнь всего коллектива факультета — учебные занятия, общественная работа, работа студентов в школе, отдых, развлечения, отклики на газетные сообщения.
Topic for oral and written discussion and dialogues:
The Old Students' reunion.
IX. EXAMINATIONS Vocabulary
to assess
assessment
to assign (give) marks
оценивать
оценка (знаний); зачет
выставлять оценки
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to comprise the following
tests
to conduct examinations Degree examinations
at the discretion
to enter for an examination
examining board
to fail in an examination
to fail in a subject failure
final examinations first-year failure to give a written reproduction of a story to graduate with Honours
to hold a conversation to hold examinations to pass in a subject to pass satisfactorily to pass with Credit to pass with Merit (Distinction) pass list proficiency re-examination sessional work
to sit (for) an examination }
to take an examination j
to test the proficiency
to write from dictation
состоять из следующих проверочных испытаний
проводить экзамены
выпускные экзамены в университетах и некоторых колледжах Англии, в результате которых испытуемым присваивается ученая степень баккалавра
по усмотрению
быть допущенным к сдаче экзаменов
экзаменационная комиссия
не сдать экзамена, провалиться на экзамене
не сдать предмета
провалившийся
выпускные экзамены
провалившийся на 1-м курсе
сделать письменное изложение рассказа
окончить университет или колледж с отличием
вести беседу
проводить экзамены
сдать экзамен по предмету
сдать удовлетворительно
сдать хорошо
сдать отлично
список допущенных к экзамену знания и умения переэкзаменовка учебная работа (в течение года)
* сдавать экзамен
проверять знания и умения писать под диктовку
Text U
The academic year in Britain's universities is divided into three terms, which usually run from about the begin-
42
ning of October to the middle of December, from the middle of January to the end of March and from the middle of April to the end of June or the beginning of July.
In a Teachers' Training College terminal examinations are held at the end of each term, namely at the end of the Autumn, Spring and Summer Terms. Final examinations are taken at the end of a course of studies.
The proficiency of students is tested and assessed by the Examining Board, comprised of several members of the teaching staff and a representative of the College Administrative Staff. Every college has its own Examining Board approved by the Ministry of Education. Marks may be assigned under regulations approved by the Ministry of Education for sessional work and account is taken of these marks in assessing the final results.
In the Department of Education the terminal examination at the end of the Autumn term comprises the following tests: candidates are required a) to write from dictation, b) to read to the examiner (1) a passage or passages of English which they are allowed to look through before reading, (2) an unprepared passage or passages, c) to hold a conversation in English with the examiner: the conversation may be partly based on the passages read. Other tests, e. g. the written reproduction of a story read aloud by the examiner, or a literary text written from dictation may be added at the discretion of the Examining Board.
Candidates are free to prepare for the examinations by attending >
In order to pass the Certificate Examination at the Teachers' Training College a student must normally:
- reach a satisfactory standard in the examination and
in the course as a whole; - pass in Theory of Education and in Practical Teaching;
- reach an approved standard in his main subject;
- satisfy the examiner of his ability to express himself
in English.
Students who have sat the Final examination will be divided into three>
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which subjects the student has passed, or passed with Credit, or passed with Merit or Distinction.
The final resujts at the University were quite pleasing, 13 students graduated in Arts and 11 in the External B. Sc. five oi them with Honours. The number of failures at the final examinations is appreciable but not high. Candidates are not normally permitted to present themselves for re-examination on more than two occasions or after a lapse of more than two years from the conclusion of their course of training.
Exercise I. Translate ihe following into English, giving all possible variants. Give examples using one of the variants.
1. Сдавать экзамены. 2. Оценивать знания. 3. Писать диктовку. 4. Экзаменационная комиссия. 5. Вести беседу. 6. Письменное изложение рассказа. 7. Список допущенных к экзамену. 8. Выставлять оценки. 9. Семестровые экзамены. 10. Выпускные экзамены. 11. Успешно сдать экзамен. 12. Отлично сдать экзамен. 13. Сдать предмет на удовлетворительную оценку. 14. Провалиться на экзамене. 15. Учебная работа в году (семестре). 16. Устное испытание. 17. Получить аттестат с отличием. 18. Получить аттестат без отличия.
Exercise II. Find antonyms to the following expressions: